Diabetes mellitus is commonly classified as an endocrinological pathology with a severe clinical picture. In this case, often the initial stages of the disease are asymptomatic or characterized by a polymorphism of manifestations. However, there are certain signs of pathology that you can learn from the following material.
Symptoms of diabetes in women
Throughout life, the body of the weaker sex undergoes numerous hormonal changes. These changes often result in the development of type 2 diabetes. It should also be borne in mind that women are more prone to "traffic jams" with psychological problems with large amounts of harmful foods. This behavior also has a negative effect on the course of metabolic processes.
As for type 1 diabetes, it develops in young girls under the age of 25 and does not depend on hormonal status. At the same time, women during pregnancy are at risk of being diagnosed with symptoms of the gestational form of the disease, which is often transient. Common symptoms of diabetes in women include:
- slow wound healing;
- drowsiness;
- hair loss;
- itching of various localizations;
- constant thirst;
- lose weight without dieting;
- increased appetite;
- frequent profuse urination.
Symptoms of diabetes in men
The stronger sex, in most cases, prefers to ignore the body's alarms about problems. In men, against the background of abdominal obesity, there is often a relative deficiency in the production of glucose-carrying hormone. Unlike epinephrine, insulin cannot effectively break down accumulated sediment. Due to the active action of the stress hormone, large amounts of fatty acids are rushed to the liver, which prevents the normal nutrition of tissues due to glucose. In general, the symptoms of diabetes in men are the same as in women.
How does diabetes manifest itself in children?
High blood glucose levels in a child may be related to obesity or genetic predisposition. However, the infectious nature of this phenomenon is often debated in the scientific community. Such views can be supplemented by the statements of some experts who consider diabetes (especially in minors) a post-vaccination complication. As a result, if a child develops the following symptoms after vaccination, adults should respond accordingly:
- constant thirst;
- bed wetting;
- Vomiting;
- weight loss against the background of increased appetite;
- individual skin infections;
- decreased motor and mental activity.
The first signs
In the early stages of the disease, it is not easy to recognize due to the polymorphism of its symptoms. As a rule, body signals are mistaken for excessive tension and fatigue. The clinical picture of the secondary form of the pathology may be completely absent until the patient falls into a hyperglycemic coma or has a heart attack or stroke. The first type of disease, in most cases, manifests itself in severe conditions in the form of characteristic acute attacks. However, it should be noted that the first symptoms of diabetes may include:
- The patient cannot lift his thumb off the ground.
- When the palm is touched, only the fingertips are in direct contact.
- There is bed wetting (if it is a child).
- There are dental problems.
- There is a sharp deterioration of vision.
Symptoms of latent diabetes
In most cases, the disease develops without the consent of one person. Manifestation of the latent process occurs against the background of stress, infectious and autoimmune lesions of the body. At the same time, latent diabetes is considered more dangerous than overt diabetes. Experts note that the latent form of the disease is often diagnosed with negative consequences of pancreatic dysfunction, among which the disease called diabetic foot syndrome has a special place. In this regard, it would be appropriate to name the main symptoms of latent diabetes:
- feeling of dryness in the mouth;
- Headache;
- detection of acetone in urine analysis;
- increased fatigue.
How to distinguish the type of diabetes
It is known that high blood sugar levels occur as a result of impaired carbohydrate metabolism. Emphasizing any sign of diabetes in men, women, or children, it should be noted that each form of pathology differs in the degree of damage to specific cells (Langerhans islets) located in the body of the pancreas and synthesizing much-needed insulin. Body. With the complete defeat of these formations, the production of biologically active substances necessary for glucose transport becomes impossible.
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by the preservation of the functional activity of the islets of Langerhans, but in this case, the insulin produced is unable to deliver glucose to tissues and organs due to the high concentration of fatty acids in the human body. . Patients with this type of pathology with an active lifestyle and a special diet often do without parenteral administration of the hormone.
Symptoms of type 1
As mentioned earlier, the development of an absolute deficiency in insulin production begins with the body's acute response to an increase in blood sugar. It also happens that a person knows that the risk of such problems is high. In this case, the patient undergoes preventive examinations to detect the disease in a timely manner. With this approach, the process is rarely exacerbated. Meanwhile, hypoglycemia often occurs in people with type 1 diabetes due to incorrect insulin doses. In addition, in the initial form of the pathology is noted:
- severe thirst;
- bad breath of acetone;
- consumption of large amounts of different foods;
- polyuria;
- slow healing of the wound surface;
- diabetic ketoacidosis;
- often skin problems in the form of fungal infections and boils.
How does type 2 manifest itself?
The relative deficiency of insulin production has a smoother clinical picture. The patient's blood sugar level may remain normal for a long time. Test results, as a rule, change for the worse when diabetes worsens. Until now, patients do not pay attention to severe weight loss and reduced physical activity. In addition to the above symptoms, the following changes in body function can be observed in type 2 diabetes:
- rapid fatigue;
- drowsiness;
- osteoporosis;
- tired look;
- renal pathology, often leading to diabetic nephropathy;
- non-healing wounds on the skin;
- itching;
- sudden hair loss;
- disorientation;
- tingling and numbness of the extremities.